Listening Tests for Extrapolation Algorithm

 

During Internet audio streaming, packet loss results in missing audio data.  This gap of audio data could be estimated by interpolation only if the gap is small and valid data (packets) follow the gap.  When there is no valid audio data (packets have not arrived yet) following the gap, the gap tends to be filled with silence or noise.  The gap could also be filled with an extrapolation.  The following audio clips have gaps of varying lengths.  These gaps are filled with either silence, noise, or the output of the extrapolation system.  The extrapolation system is Minimum Weighted Norm Extrapolation with Frequency-Domain Blocking.  The input to the extrapolation system is the preceding audio data of the same length as the gap.   Overlap percentage is set at 6.25%, and block length is set at one-fourth the number of samples in the gap.

The following table contains audio clips with varying gaps as specified by the left column.  The gaps are filled by either silence, white noise, or extrapolation system output as specified by the header on each column.  The three examples (classical, jazz, and rock) repeat each experiment.

gap size

Classical Example

Jazz Example

Rock Example

 

silence

noise

extrapolation

silence

noise

extrapolation

silence

noise

extrapolation

10ms cs10 cn10 ce10 js10 jn10 je10 rs10 rn10 re10
20ms cs20 cn20 ce20 js20 jn20 je20 rs20 rn20 re20
40ms cs40 cn40 ce40 js40 jn40 je40 rs40 rn40 re40
80ms cs80 cn80 ce80 js80 jn80 je80 rs80 rn80 re80
160ms cs160 cn160 ce160 js160 jn160 je160 rs160 rn160 re160
320ms cs320 cn320 ce320 js320 jn320 je320 rs320 rn320 re320
640ms cs640 cn640 ce640 js640 jn640 je640 rs640 rn640 re640

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